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知識分享：變電站、開閉所、變電所、配電房、箱變、變壓站的區別發布日期：(2024/3/14) 點擊次數：29 |
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變(bian)電站、開閉所(suo)(suo)、變(bian)電所(suo)(suo)、配電房、箱變(bian)、變(bian)壓站的區別： 變電站 定義：變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站，改變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)場所(suo)。為了把(ba)(ba)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠發出來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能輸送到較遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)，須把(ba)(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升(sheng)高(gao)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)為高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，到用戶附近再按需(xu)要把(ba)(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)降(jiang)低，這種(zhong)升(sheng)降(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作靠變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站來(lai)(lai)完成。變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要設備是(shi)開(kai)關和變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器。按規(gui)模大小不同，小的(de)(de)(de)(de)稱為變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站大于變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo):一般是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級(ji)在110KV以下的(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站;變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站:包括各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)"升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)、降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)"變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站。 變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站是電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統中變(bian)(bian)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、接受(shou)和分(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)能、控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力的(de)流(liu)向和調整電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力設施，它通(tong)過(guo)其變(bian)(bian)壓器將各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網聯系起來。變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站在特定的(de)環境中;是將AC-DC-AC轉換過(guo)程(cheng)。像海底輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜以及(ji)遠距(ju)離的(de)輸(shu)送(song)中。有些采用(yong)高壓直流(liu)輸(shu)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)形式。直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)克服(fu)交流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)容(rong)抗損耗。具有節能效應。 變(bian)電站(zhan)主要是高壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)電中壓(ya)(ya)，或高壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)電低1級(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)，變(bian)電站(zhan)占地較大，根據不同電壓(ya)(ya)等級(ji)及(ji)容量不同占地不同。所以(yi)會(hui)有(you)人叫(jiao)它變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)站(zhan)…… 位(wei)置：從(cong)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)經濟性的(de)(de)角(jiao)度考(kao)慮(lv)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)應(ying)(ying)接近負(fu)荷中心。從(cong)生產角(jiao)度考(kao)慮(lv)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)應(ying)(ying)妨礙生產和(he)廠內運(yun)輸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)本身(shen)設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)運(yun)輸也應(ying)(ying)當方便。從(cong)安全角(jiao)度考(kao)慮(lv)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)應(ying)(ying)避開(kai)易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)易(yi)(yi)爆場(chang)(chang)所(suo)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)宜設(she)(she)在單位(wei)的(de)(de)上風側。在企業(ye)中，不(bu)易(yi)(yi)設(she)(she)在容易(yi)(yi)沉(chen)積粉塵和(he)纖維的(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)不(bu)應(ying)(ying)設(she)(she)在人員密集的(de)(de)地方。變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)選址和(he)建筑還應(ying)(ying)考(kao)慮(lv)到滅火、防(fang)蝕、防(fang)污、防(fang)水、防(fang)雨、防(fang)雪(xue)、防(fang)震(zhen)以及(ji)防(fang)止小動物鉆(zhan)入的(de)(de)要求。（規范(fan)注意！） 作用(yong)：變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站是連接(jie)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)(chang)到(dao)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個過渡裝置。由(you)于發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)(chang)到(dao)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)和工(gong)廠(chang)(chang)距(ju)(ju)離(li)非常(chang)遠，而發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不高，這樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流就很(hen)大(da)(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，在輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)上根據焦耳(er)定律就會產生很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)，這樣會導(dao)致輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)損壞，而且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流轉換為熱(re)能也是一種(zhong)損失，所(suo)以(yi)需要把發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)通(tong)過變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站升高，到(dao)50萬(wan)伏，然后長距(ju)(ju)離(li)輸送到(dao)我們生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)和工(gong)廠(chang)(chang)，然后又通(tong)過當(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降低(di)，通(tong)過配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等措(cuo)施編(bian)成(cheng)我們日常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)220伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
變電(dian)所 定(ding)義：變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)場(chang)所(suo)與地方。是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中(zhong)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流進(jin)行(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換(huan)、集中(zhong)和分配的(de)(de)場(chang)所(suo)。為保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)質量以(yi)及設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)安(an)全，在(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)中(zhong)還需進(jin)行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)調整、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流控制以(yi)及輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)(lu)和主要電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)保(bao)護。按用途可分為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)和牽(qian)引(yin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣鐵路(lu)(lu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車用)。在(zai)國家標準(zhun)GB50053-94《10kv及以(yi)下變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)設(she)(she)計規范》里面規定(ding)的(de)(de)術語定(ding)義是(shi)(shi)"10千伏及以(yi)下交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源經(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)后對用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"，符合這個的(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)。 作用(yong)：變(bian)電(dian)所(suo)(suo)的(de)作用(yong)是把(ba)發電(dian)站發出的(de)電(dian)，一般電(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)超過一兩千伏，如(ru)果直(zhi)接遠(yuan)距離輸送，線路電(dian)流(liu)會很(hen)大，使得(de)線路上(shang)的(de)電(dian)能損(sun)耗很(hen)大，不(bu)經濟(ji)，而且線路輸送功率很(hen)低。所(suo)(suo)以要用(yong)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)將(jiang)電(dian)壓(ya)升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)幾萬伏甚至(zhi)幾十萬伏（視(shi)距離和(he)功率而定），以減小(xiao)線路電(dian)流(liu)。為了(le)將(jiang)不(bu)同距離和(he)功率的(de)電(dian)力線路連成電(dian)網，以增加(jia)整(zheng)體安全性，就需要多(duo)(duo)個(ge)(ge)變(bian)電(dian)站把(ba)不(bu)同等(deng)級(ji)(ji)的(de)線路匹配連接起來。同樣，高壓(ya)電(dian)輸送到(dao)(dao)目的(de)地后，為了(le)適(shi)應不(bu)同用(yong)戶的(de)需要，又(you)需將(jiang)其(qi)降壓(ya)到(dao)(dao)10500V、6300V、400V（即380/220V）等(deng)幾個(ge)(ge)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)。所(suo)(suo)以在實(shi)際(ji)應用(yong)中需要那么多(duo)(duo)變(bian)電(dian)站。一般主變(bian)電(dian)所(suo)(suo)是指1級(ji)(ji)變(bian)，下設二級(ji)(ji)變(bian)，1級(ji)(ji)變(bian)的(de)作用(yong)是進(jin)行開關高壓(ya)配出，不(bu)負(fu)責電(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)送。 配電房 定(ding)義：配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)房又叫(jiao)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)，在國家標準里面，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)的(de)定(ding)義是:"所(suo)(suo)內(nei)(nei)只有起開閉和分配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能作用的(de)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置，母線上無(wu)主變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)"。配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)房電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級(ji)在35KV等(deng)級(ji)以下，內(nei)(nei)部安裝有開關、互感器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)以及相關的(de)保(bao)護測量裝置。通俗點說(shuo)：蓋(gai)個(ge)房子，把變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)放進(jin)去，還(huan)有進(jin)出線柜(ju)(ju)(ju)之類(lei)的(de)，就(jiu)成(cheng)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)房（室(shi)）了~規模較大的(de)，多臺變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)、高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)、低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)等(deng)等(deng)各種，完成(cheng)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、分配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)一(yi)個(ge)獨立場(chang)所(suo)(suo)，或建(jian)筑物內(nei)(nei)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)內(nei)(nei)。配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)與變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)的(de)區(qu)(qu)別(bie)在于，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)房(配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo))無(wu)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，而變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)有變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。變(bian)(bian)、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)主要指小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)或大樓等(deng)的(de)變(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)。 配(pei)電(dian)房(fang)是(shi)大廈供電(dian)系(xi)統的關(guan)鍵部位，設(she)專職電(dian)工對其(qi)實行(xing)24小時運行(xing)值班(ban)。未經管理(li)(li)處經理(li)(li)、部門主管的許可(ke)，非工作(zuo)人員不得(de)入內。值班(ban)員須持證上崗，熟悉配(pei)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)狀況(kuang)、操(cao)作(zuo)方法和安全注(zhu)意事項。值班(ban)員須密切注(zhu)意電(dian)壓表(biao)、電(dian)流表(biao)、功(gong)率(lv)因數表(biao)的指示情況(kuang);嚴(yan)禁(jin)空氣開(kai)關(guan)超(chao)載(zai)運行(xing)。經常(chang)保持配(pei)電(dian)房(fang)地面及設(she)備(bei)外(wai)表(biao)無塵。配(pei)電(dian)房(fang)設(she)備(bei)的倒(dao)閘(zha)操(cao)作(zuo)由值班(ban)員單獨進行(xing)，其(qi)他在場人員只作(zuo)監護，不得(de)插手;嚴(yan)禁(jin)兩人同時倒(dao)閘(zha)操(cao)作(zuo)，以免發(fa)生錯誤(wu)。 公用配(pei)電房(fang)和(he)專用配(pei)電房(fang)的(de)區別在于： 1、從(cong)權限來講，專用(yong)配(pei)電房是(shi)由業主(zhu)自主(zhu)管理的；公用(yong)配(pei)電房屬于供(gong)電局管理的。 2、從負荷分配(pei)(pei)(pei)來講，專(zhuan)用(yong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)房所(suo)供的(de)負荷是小區內(nei)的(de)公(gong)共設(she)施設(she)備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)，如(ru)消防泵(beng)，生活泵(beng)，風機，電(dian)(dian)梯、公(gong)共照明和配(pei)(pei)(pei)套(tao)商業等設(she)備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)；公(gong)用(yong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)房所(suo)供的(de)負荷是專(zhuan)/供居(ju)民(min)生活用(yong)電(dian)(dian)。 延伸閱(yue)讀：小區的配電房對(dui)人體(ti)有輻射嗎？ 環保專家表示，從科學(xue)上說(shuo)，配(pei)電房在產生交流電的(de)同時也會產生一些輻射(she)，但是輻射(she)量很低，肯定在國家的(de)標準范圍內，可能只比冰箱、電腦等(deng)家電的(de)輻射(she)略高一點。“而(er)且，配(pei)電房的(de)供電設施有(you)(you)墻所隔，而(er)普通的(de)磚墻就可以將輻射(she)基(ji)本屏蔽掉，所以配(pei)電房的(de)輻射(she)對人體不會有(you)(you)什么影響(xiang)，國際流行病學(xue)研究也從沒(mei)有(you)(you)過(guo)認定。” 不過，環保(bao)專家(jia)表示，配電房雖然沒有什么輻(fu)射污(wu)染，但(dan)是(shi)嗡嗡的噪音(yin)卻可(ke)能有些吵人，“配電房的噪音(yin)屬于低頻噪音(yin)，穿透力很強，但(dan)是(shi)在環保(bao)檢測上卻并不超標。” 開閉所 定義(yi)：開(kai)閉所，指(zhi)不進(jin)行電(dian)壓(ya)變換而用開(kai)關設備實現(xian)電(dian)路開(kai)閉的(de)(de)配電(dian)所，是(shi)(shi)將高壓(ya)電(dian)力分別向周圍的(de)(de)幾(ji)個(ge)用電(dian)單位(wei)供電(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)力設施，位(wei)于電(dian)力系統中變電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)下1級(ji)。其特征是(shi)(shi)電(dian)源進(jin)線側和出線側的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)相同。當(dang)然，區域變電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)也(ye)具有開(kai)閉所的(de)(de)功能。但需明確的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，開(kai)閉所是(shi)(shi)區別于變電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)而言的(de)(de)。 開(kai)(kai)閉所也指用(yong)于接(jie)收電(dian)力并分(fen)配(pei)電(dian)力的供(gong)(gong)配(pei)電(dian)設施，高壓(ya)電(dian)網中稱為開(kai)(kai)關站。中壓(ya)電(dian)網中的開(kai)(kai)閉所一般用(yong)于10kV電(dian)力的接(jie)受(shou)與分(fen)配(pei)。開(kai)(kai)閉所一般兩進(jin)(jin)多出(chu)(常用(yong)4~6出(chu))，只是(shi)根據不同的要求，進(jin)(jin)出(chu)可以(yi)設置(zhi)斷路器、負荷開(kai)(kai)關。是(shi)全(quan)金屬密閉，能夠在(zai)室(shi)外運行的10KV電(dian)壓(ya)等級以(yi)下(xia)的開(kai)(kai)關柜組(zu)合。轉供(gong)(gong)容(rong)量8000KW左(zuo)右，向地塊或區域(yu)的變(bian)配(pei)電(dian)室(shi)提供(gong)(gong)中壓(ya)電(dian)源。 位置：設在車站、貨場附近(jin)、電(dian)力機務段、樞(shu)紐站等大宗(zong)負荷(he)處。 作用：將供電(dian)臂分段(duan)，事故時(shi)縮小事故范圍，提(ti)高供電(dian)的可(ke)靠性(xing)、靈活(huo)性(xing)；減少變電(dian)所的復雜性(xing)；不改變電(dian)壓大小，只擴大饋(kui)線回路數，相當于配電(dian)所。 箱式變壓器（俗稱箱變） 定(ding)義(yi)：箱(xiang)式變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)，又叫預(yu)裝式變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)或預(yu)裝式變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)。是(shi)一(yi)種高(gao)壓(ya)開關設(she)(she)備、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)和低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置，按一(yi)定(ding)接(jie)線(xian)方案排成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)體的(de)(de)工(gong)廠(chang)預(yu)制戶內(nei)、戶外緊湊式配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備，即(ji)將變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)降壓(ya)、低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等功能(neng)有機地組合在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)，安裝在(zai)一(yi)個防潮、防銹、防塵、防鼠、防火、防盜、隔熱、全封閉、可移動的(de)(de)鋼結構箱(xiang)，特(te)別適用于(yu)城網建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)與改造，是(shi)繼土建(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)之后(hou)崛起(qi)的(de)(de)一(yi)種嶄新(xin)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)。一(yi)般是(shi)把高(gao)壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)低(di)壓(ya)，例如把10kv的(de)(de)線(xian)路經變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)380v的(de)(de)工(gong)作用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。箱(xiang)式變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)適用于(yu)礦(kuang)山、工(gong)廠(chang)企業、油氣田和風(feng)力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)，它替代了(le)原(yuan)有的(de)(de)土建(jian)(jian)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)，成(cheng)(cheng)為新(xin)型的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)套變(bian)(bian)(bian)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置。 箱(xiang)式變(bian)電站(zhan)（簡稱(cheng)箱(xiang)變(bian)）一(yi)(yi)般由高(gao)壓(ya)室、變(bian)壓(ya)器室和低壓(ya)室組成。箱(xiang)變(bian)產品是一(yi)(yi)種比(bi)較簡易的變(bian)配電裝置，其變(bian)壓(ya)器部(bu)分的選(xuan)擇，均可(ke)按(an)一(yi)(yi)般通則處理，容量一(yi)(yi)般不超過1250kVA。臨(lin)時箱(xiang)變(bian)：臨(lin)時用的箱(xiang)變(bian)，比(bi)如某工地的臨(lin)時變(bian)壓(ya)器，將來要拆除的，不做永(yong)/久保留使用的。 位置(zhi)： 一種，主要(yao)用在城市的住宅小區(qu)、以及街道，當用電(dian)高峰(feng)期。需(xu)要(yao)增(zeng)加(jia)電(dian)壓時候，就需(xu)要(yao)用到我們的設備-箱(xiang)式變電(dian)站了。 二種，主要(yao)用于臨時性的供應電量，比如在(zai)工地(di)，在(zai)已有建筑物的情況(kuang)下，我們需要(yao)改造(zao)用電設備。在(zai)野外作業的時候也是(shi)經常(chang)用到(dao)箱式變電站的，比如：工地(di)、碼頭、機場等(deng)等(deng)。 作用(yong)：箱式變電站用(yong)于高層住宅，豪華別墅，廣場(chang)公園，居(ju)民小區，中(zhong)小型工(gong)廠，礦山、油田，以及臨時施工(gong)用(yong)電等(deng)場(chang)所，作配(pei)電系(xi)統中(zhong)接受和分(fen)配(pei)電能之用(yong)。 牽(qian)引變電所(suo) 定義：牽引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)三相的(de)(de)(de)110KV(或(huo)220KV)高壓(ya)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)換為兩(liang)個(ge)單相的(de)(de)(de)27.5KV的(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，然(ran)后向(xiang)鐵路上(shang)、下行兩(liang)個(ge)方向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)接觸網(wang)(額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為27.5KV)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，牽引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)每一側的(de)(de)(de)接觸網(wang)都被稱做供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臂。該兩(liang)臂的(de)(de)(de)接觸網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相位是(shi)(shi)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)，一般是(shi)(shi)用分相絕緣(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)隔(ge)離(li)開(kai)來。相鄰變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)間的(de)(de)(de)接觸網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)一般是(shi)(shi)同(tong)相的(de)(de)(de)[BFQ]，期間除也(ye)用分相絕緣(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)隔(ge)離(li)外，還(huan)設置了分區亭，通(tong)過分區亭斷路器(qi)(qi)或(huo)隔(ge)離(li)開(kai)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)操作，實行雙(shuang)邊(或(huo)單邊)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)牽(qian)引(yin)的(de)(de)專用變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)。牽(qian)引(yin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)把(ba)區域電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統(tong)送來(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)牽(qian)引(yin)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)不同要求，轉變(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)適(shi)用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)牽(qian)引(yin)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，然(ran)后分別送到沿鐵(tie)路(lu)線(xian)(xian)上空架設的(de)(de)接觸網(wang)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)機車(che)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，或(huo)者送到地下鐵(tie)道等(deng)城(cheng)市交通所(suo)需的(de)(de)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)地鐵(tie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)輛或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。一條電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化鐵(tie)路(lu)沿線(xian)(xian)設有(you)(you)多個牽(qian)引(yin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)，相(xiang)鄰變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)間(jian)的(de)(de)距離約為(wei)(wei)(wei)40~50公里。在長(chang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化鐵(tie)路(lu)中，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)把(ba)高壓輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)分段以縮小故障范圍,一般每(mei)隔200~250公里還設有(you)(you)支柱(zhu)牽(qian)引(yin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo),它除了(le)完成一般變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)的(de)(de)功能(neng)外，還把(ba)高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)送來(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，通過它的(de)(de)母線(xian)(xian)和(he)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)分配給(gei)其他(ta)中間(jian)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)。 說到(dao)這里那再談一(yi)下分(fen)區(qu)(qu)亭：剛才提(ti)到(dao)了(le)，設置于兩(liang)個牽(qian)引(yin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)的(de)中間，可(ke)(ke)使兩(liang)相鄰的(de)接觸(chu)(chu)網供電(dian)(dian)區(qu)(qu)段(同一(yi)供電(dian)(dian)臂的(de)上、下行或兩(liang)相鄰變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)的(de)兩(liang)供電(dian)(dian)臂)實現(xian)并聯(lian)或單獨工(gong)作(zuo)。如果分(fen)區(qu)(qu)廳(ting)兩(liang)側的(de)某一(yi)區(qu)(qu)段接觸(chu)(chu)網發生短路故障(zhang)，可(ke)(ke)由供電(dian)(dian)的(de)牽(qian)引(yin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)饋電(dian)(dian)線(xian)斷路器及分(fen)區(qu)(qu)亭斷路器，在繼電(dian)(dian)保護(hu)的(de)作(zuo)用下自(zi)動跳閘(zha)，將故障(zhang)段接觸(chu)(chu)網切除，而非故障(zhang)段的(de)接觸(chu)(chu)網仍照常工(gong)作(zuo)，從而使事故范圍縮(suo)小一(yi)半。 位置：設在兩(liang)個(ge)牽引變電(dian)所中間，增(zeng)加(jia)供(gong)電(dian)的靈活(huo)性、可靠性。 作用：分相；越區供電；縮小事故的范圍。 免責聲明：文章來源于網絡，不代表本站觀點，內容版權歸屬原作者及站點所有，如有對您造成影響，請及時聯系我們予以刪除！ |
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